Caring for people with
COVID-19

We have developed recommendations that cover:

• Consumer-centered care in the context of COVID-19 none
• Definition of disease severity none
  • Definition of disease severity for adults none
  • Definition for disease severity for children and adolescents none
• Monitoring and markers of clinical deterioration none
  • Monitoring and markers of clinical deterioration none
  • Pulse oximeters none

    • Pulse oximeters for adults

      none

    • Pulse oximeters for children and adolescents

      none
• Care after COVID-19 none
  • Goals of care none
  • Assessment and diagnosis in patients with continuing symptoms after COVID-19 none
  • Management in patients with continuing symptoms after COVID-19 none
  • Therapies not recommended outside of clinical trials none
• Drug treatments none
  • Recommended drug treatments none

    • Casirivimab plus imdevimab (Ronapreve)

      none
      • Casirivimab plus imdevimab (Ronapreve) for adults none
      • Casirivimab plus imdevimab (Ronapreve) for pregnant or breastfeeding women none
      • Casirivimab plus imdevimab (Ronapreve) for children and adolescents none

    • Corticosteroids (inhaled)

      none
      • Corticosteroids (inhaled) for adults none
      • Corticosteroids (inhaled) for children and adolescents none

    • Corticosteroids (systemic)

      none
      • Corticosteroids (systemic) for adults none
      • Corticosteroids (systemic) for pregnant or breastfeeding women none
      • Corticosteroids (systemic) for children or adolescents none

    • Molnupiravir (Lagevrio)

      none
      • Molnupiravir (Lagevrio) for adults none
      • Molnupiravir (Lagevrio) for pregnant or breastfeeding women none
      • Molnupiravir (Lagevrio) for children and adolescents none

    • Nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir (Paxlovid)

      none
      • Nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir (Paxlovid) for adults none
      • Nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir (Paxlovid) for pregnant or breastfeeding women none
      • Nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir (Paxlovid) for children and adolescents none

    • Other immunomodulating drugs

      none
      • Abatacept none
      • Baracitinib none
      • Infliximab none
      • Sarilumab none
      • Tocilizumab none

    • Regdanvimab (Regkirona)

      none
      • Regdanvimab (Regkirona) for adults none
      • Regdanvimab (Regkirona) for pregnant or breastfeeding women none
      • Regdanvimab (Regkirona) for children and adolescents none

    • Remdesivir

      none
      • Remdesivir for adults none
      • Remdesivir for pregnant or breastfeeding women none
      • Remdesivir for children and adolescents none

    • Sotrovimab

      none
      • Sotrovimab for adults none
      • Sotrovimab for pregnant women none
      • Sotrovimab for children and adolescents none

    • Tixagevimab plus cilgavimab (Evusheld)

      none
      • Tixagevimab plus cilgavimab (Evusheld) for adults none
      • Tixagevimab plus cilgavimab (Evusheld) for pregnant or breastfeeding women none
      • Tixagevimab plus cilgavimab (Evusheld) for children and adolescents none
  • Drug treatments that are not recommended none

    • Aspirin

      none

    • Azithromycin

      none

    • Colchicine

      none

    • Convalescent plasma

      none

    • Favipiravir

      none

    • Hydroxychloroquine

      none

    • Hydroxychloroquine plus azithromycin

      none

    • Interferon β-1a

      none

    • Interferon β-1a plus lopinavir-ritonavir

      none

    • Ivermectin

      none

    • Lopinavir-ritonavir

      none

    • Sodium-glucose transport protein 2 inhibitors

      none
  • Drug treatments not recommended outside of clinical trials none

    • Antiandrogens

      none
      • Dutasteride none

    • Antineoplastics

      none
      • Angiotensin 2 receptor agonist (C21) none
      • Camostat mesilate none
      • Opaganib none

    • Antiparasitic, antifungals and other anti-infective agents

      none
      • Chloroquine none
      • Doxycycline none
      • Ivermectin plus doxycycline none
      • Nitazoxanide none

    • Antihypertensives

      none
      • Telmisartan none

    • Antithrombotic, antiplatelets and related therapies

      none
      • Sulodexide none

    • Antivirals

      none
      • Baloxavir marboxil none
      • Darunavir-cobicistat none
      • Enisamium none
      • Ensovibep none
      • Sofosburiv-daclatasvir none
      • Triazavirin none
      • Umifenovir none

    • Human and blood derived products

      none
      • Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells none
      • Intravenous immunoglobulin none
      • Intravenous immunoglobulin plus methylprednisolone none

    • Immunomodulating drugs

      none
      • Anakinra none
      • CD24Fc none
      • Lenzilumab none
      • Ruxolitinib none
      • Tofacitinib none

    • Interferons

      none
      • Interferon β-1a (inhaled) none
      • Interferon β-1b none
      • Interferon gamma none
      • Interferon kappa plus trefoil factor 2 (IFN-κ plus TFF2) none
      • Peginterferon lambda none

    • Other antibody related therapies

      none
      • Bamlanivimab none
      • Bamlanivimab plus etesevimab none
      • Bebtelovimab none
      • Regdanvimab none

    • Other therapies

      none
      • Almitrine none
      • Aprepitant none
      • Bromhexine hydrochloride none
      • Fluvoxamine none
      • Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) none
      • Sabizabulin none

    • Vitamins, supplements and cofactors

      none
      • Combined metabolic cofactor supplementation (CMCS) none
      • N-acetylcysteine none
      • Vitamin C none
      • Vitamin D analogues (calcifediol/cholecalciferol) none
      • Zinc none

    • Other drug treatments

      none
  • Drug treatments under review none
  • Drug treatments not currently under review none
• Chemoprophylaxis none
  • Casirivimab plus imdevimab (Ronapreve) for post-exposure prophylaxis none
  • Hydroxychloroquine for pre-exposure prophylaxis none
  • Hydroxychloroquine for post-exposure prophylaxis none
  • Tixagevimab plus cilgavimab (Evusheld) for pre-exposure prophylaxis none
  • Tixagevimab plus cilgavimab (Evusheld) for post-exposure prophylaxis none
• Respiratory support in adults none
  • Requiring non-invasive respiratory support none

    • High-flow nasal oxygen and non-invasive ventilation

      none

    • Prone positioning (non-invasive)

      none

    • Respiratory management of the deteriorating child

      none
  • Requiring invasive mechanical ventilation none

    • Prone positioning (mechanical ventilation)

      none

    • Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)

      none

    • Recruitment manoeuvres

      none

    • Neuromuscular blockers

      none

    • High-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV)

      none

    • Videolaryngoscopy

      none

    • Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)

      none
• Venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis none
  • VTE prophylaxis for adults none
  • VTE prophylaxis for pregnant and postpartum women none
  • VTE prophylaxis for children and adolescents none
• Therapies for existing indications in patients with COVID-19 none
  • ACEIs/ARBs in patients with COVID-19 none
  • ACEIs in postpartum women none
  • Steroids for people with asthma or COPD with COVID-19 none
  • Oestrogen-containing therapies none
• Timing of surgery following COVID-19 infection none
• Pregnancy and perinatal care none
  • Antenatal corticosteroids none
  • Magnesium sulfate none
  • Mode of birth none
  • Delayed umbilical cord clamping none
  • Skin-to-skin contact none
  • Breastfeeding none
  • Rooming-in none
• Child and adolescent care none
  • Paediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome (PIMS-TS) none

    • Aspirin and antithrombotic agents

      Updated

    • Immunomodulatory agents

      none

    • VTE prophylaxis

      none

Risk classification

• Risk classification tool for adults with mild COVID-19 none

Decision tools

• Drug treatments for at risk adults with COVID-19 who do not require oxygen none
• Drug treatments for at risk children and adolescents with COVID-19 who do not require oxygen none
• Good practice guide to consumer-centered care for patients with COVID-19 none

Drug treatments

• Drug treatments for adults with COVID-19 none
• Paxlovid prescribing guide none
• Drug treatments for children and adolescents none
• Drug treatments for pregnancy and breastfeeding none

Pathways to care

• Pathways to care for adults with COVID-19 none
• Pathways to care for children and adolescents with COVID-19 none

Management of COVID-19 and care after COVID-19

• Management of adults with mild COVID-19 none
• Management of adults with moderate to severe COVID-19 none
• Management of adults with severe to critical COVID-19 none
• Respiratory support for adults with severe to critical COVID-19 none
• Care of people after COVID-19 none

Management of special populations

• Care at home for children and adolescents with mild COVID-19 none
• Care in hospital for children and adolescents with mild to moderate COVID-19 none
• Care in hospital for children and adolescents with severe to critical COVID-19 none
• Care for children and adolescents with suspected or confirmed PIMS-TS/MIS-C none
• Management of people with COVID-19 who are older and living with frailty and/or cognitive impairment none
• Management of people with COVID-19 who are receiving palliative care none

CPR during the pandemic

• Preparedness for CPR during the COVID-19 pandemic none
• CPR for adults with COVID-19 in healthcare settings none
• Basic Life Support in the community during the COVID-19 pandemic none

• Expert Clinical Panels none
  • Drug Treatment Panel none
  • Primary and Chronic Care Panel none
  • Acute and Critical Care Panel none
  • Pregnancy and Perinatal Care Panel none
  • Paediatric and Adolescent Care Panel none
  • Care of Older People and Palliative Care Panel none
  • Expert Advisory Group none
  • Pathways to Care Working Group none
  • Cardiac Arrest Working Group none
  • In Vitro Working Group none
  • COVID-19 Care Working Group none
• Consumer Panel none